Geneva, 3 January 2024 (PEC) With 140 journalists killed, 2023 was the deadliest year in ten years, the Press Emblem Campaign (PEC) announced in Geneva on Wednesday. Two-thirds of the victims were in the Middle East, with almost one killed every day in the last three months of the year in Gaza.

Of the 140 media workers killed in 28 countries, at least 81 have been killed in the Gaza Strip since 7 October (106 according to Gaza Media Office, the differences in the figures are due to differences in the qualification of the journalist profession). All were Palestinian, most of them working for several media, including foreign media. They were killed in indiscriminate Israeli strikes, often in their homes, along with members of their families.

Systematic destruction

“We condemn these indiscriminate strikes, which do not distinguish between civilians and Hamas fighters. While it is difficult to verify whether journalists were intentionally targeted or not, the
Israeli army has systematically destroyed the Palestinian media in Gaza by bombing their offices and facilities”, said PEC President Blaise Lempen.

This is the highest media death toll in a conflict in such a short space of time. The PEC regrets that foreign media access to Gaza remains impracticable due to the security conditions, which prevents independent reporting from the parties to the conflict.

Mexico, Guatemala, Ukraine

Outside the Gaza Strip, 59 journalists have been killed in 27 countries. The situation did not improve in Mexico, where 9 journalists have been killed, and deteriorated in Guatemala, where 5
were killed. Four journalists died in the war in Ukraine (1 Italian, 1 French, 2 Russians), as did 4 in Israel during the Hamas attack on 7 October.

Three victims were recorded in Cameroon, India, Lebanon and Pakistan. Two victims were reported in the following countries: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Haiti, Nigeria, the Philippines and the United States of America.

Lastly, the PEC recorded one journalist killed in the following countries: Argentina, Canada, Colombia, Egypt, Honduras, Lesotho, Mali, Mozambique, Paraguay, Rwanda, Somalia, Sudan and
Syria.

By region, the Middle East led the way with 64% of cases, or 90 deaths, followed by Latin America with 20, Asia with 12, Africa with 11, Europe with 4 and North America with 3.

The PEC strongly condemns all these attacks and sends its condolences to the victims’ families and loved ones. The Geneva-based NGO calls for those responsible for these crimes to be brought to
justice as quickly as possible. In particular, the UN must investigate the exact circumstances in which Palestinian journalists have been killed since 7 October.

More than 20% increase

Compared with 2022 (116 killed), a year marked by the start of the war in Ukraine, the increase in the number of victims is just over 20%. In 2012, the deadliest year since the beginning of the
century, 141 journalists were killed (including 35 in the war in Syria).

Over the last five years (2019 to 2023), the most dangerous countries for media workers were the Gaza Strip (Palestine) with 81 killed, followed by Mexico with 61 and Ukraine with 39. Next came
Pakistan with 32 deaths, India 31, Afghanistan 29, the Philippines 19, Honduras 14 and Syria 14, followed by Haiti 12 and Somalia 10.

Over the last ten years (2014 to 2023), 1,147 media workers have been killed, an average of 2.2 per week.

The PEC includes in its statistics all journalists killed, whether or not their death was related to their professional activity. It is difficult to prove that a crime was committed in connection with a
journalist’s work without a full and independent investigation, which is often lacking.
List of victims, graphs on:
https://pressemblem.ch/casualties.shtml